84 cities make half of Brazil's economy, up from 49

Claim types Fact · Interpretation

Fact, with a progrss calculation. IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), Produto Interno Bruto dos Municípios, SIDRA table 5938, GDP at current prices (R$ thousand) for every municipality, latest year 2023, read from the IBGE SIDRA API via the progrss vault (GUIDELINES §4.11). Method (progrss calculation): each year, municipalities ranked by GDP; the count is the smallest number of municipalities whose GDP adds up to half of the sum over all municipalities (the sum equals IBGE's Brazil GDP: R$1,488.8 bn in 2002, R$10,943.3 bn in 2023). Shares are within each year, so inflation does not affect them. Municipalities counted: 5,560 in 2002, 5,570 from 2013 (new municipalities created). Values: 49 (2002), 53 (2010), 65 (2015), 72 (2019), 83 (2020), 87 (2021), 82 (2022), 84 (2023). Biggest falls in share of GDP, 2002 to 2023: São Paulo 12.68% to 9.75%, Rio de Janeiro 6.33% to 3.82%, Campos dos Goytacazes 0.84% to 0.39%, Belo Horizonte 1.57% to 1.19%, Salvador 1.06% to 0.70%. Biggest gains: Maricá 0.03% to 1.23% and Saquarema 0.02% to 0.59% (IBGE allocates offshore pre-salt oil output to the facing coastal municipalities), Niterói 0.37% to 0.70%, Itajaí 0.15% to 0.44%, Osasco 0.83% to 1.09%, and the mining towns Parauapebas and Canaã dos Carajás. Top 100 municipalities' share of GDP: 60.0% (2002), 52.9% (2023); top 10: 31.1% to 24.5%. The 2020 jump (72 to 83) came as services in the big cities fell in the pandemic and farm and oil towns grew; the count stayed above 80 in 2021–2023. Plates only: IBGE commercial terms unconfirmed; credit 'Fonte: IBGE'. Interpretation: the last clause of takeaway 3.