Kazakhstan now sells Russia more than Germany does
Goods exports to Russia as reported by each exporting country, US$ billions, 2021 and 2025.
- 1. Mexico, not China, now sells America the most goods
- 2. China's ASEAN trade is now almost double its US trade
- 3. Central banks now hold more gold than Treasuries or euros
- 4. China now pays the world mostly in yuan
- 5. Migrants now send home four times all foreign aid
- 6. Tether now holds more US Treasuries than the UAE
- 7. Developing countries' interest bill has nearly tripled since 2010
- 8. America's duty-free parcels grew almost tenfold in nine years
- 9. Poles edge past the Japanese in income per person
- 10. In dollars, Nigeria's economy has more than halved since 2014
- 11. Argentina's monthly inflation fell from 25.5% to 1.9%
- 12. Guyana now produces more per person than America
- 13. Mexico's factories now outproduce Britain's and France's
- 14. Ukraine received four times the aid of any other country
- 15. The UAE sold more goods abroad than France in 2025
- 16. Singapore now draws twice as much foreign investment as China
- 17. The EU now buys more US gas than Russian gas
- 18. Malaysia again sells more to America than to China
- 19. 22 governments now owe more than a year's national output
- 20. Brazil mines 93% of the world's niobium
- 21. More Vietnamese now work in industry than on farms
- 22. Money sent home to Guatemala nearly quadrupled in ten years
- 23. In purchasing power, Russia's economy is now bigger than Japan's
- 24. Indonesia set to use more palm oil than it exports
- 25. Factories now make more of Cambodia's economy than China's
- 26. China now buys more from Brazil than from Germany
- 27. Kazakhstan now sells Russia more than Germany does
Goods Kazakhstan sold to Russia in 2025, just above Germany's US$8.0 bn. It first passed Germany in 2024.
Fall in Germany's sales to Russia since 2021, from US$32.1 bn. Kazakhstan's rose 18%, from US$7.0 bn.
Rise in Armenia's sales to Russia since 2021, from US$0.8 bn to US$2.9 bn.
the numbers & method
| 2021 (bn) | 2025 (bn) | |
|---|---|---|
| Kazakhstan | 7.0 | 8.2 |
| Germany | 32.1 | 8.0 |
| Türkiye | 5.8 | 6.7 |
| Italy | 9.1 | 4.2 |
Claim types Fact
UN Comtrade (HS, annual, all commodities 'TOTAL', flow 'Export', partner 'Russian Federation', customs code C00, all modes of transport), read from the UN Comtrade API (comtradeapi.un.org/data/v1/get/C/A/HS) through the progrss data vault on 5 Nov 2026. Values are as reported by each exporting country, in current US$; Russia has not reported its own trade to Comtrade since 2021, so no importer-side check is possible, and partner figures can differ. Belarus, a large supplier (US$14.0 bn in 2021), has reported no 2025 figure and is left off. China (US$67.2 bn in 2021, US$103.5 bn in 2025) is off the chart's scale and left off. The chart shows four of the eight biggest reporting suppliers outside China in 2025; the others: India 3.33 to 4.50, South Korea 9.98 to 4.04, Uzbekistan 1.70 to 3.42, Armenia 0.79 to 2.92 (2021 to 2025). Kazakhstan vs Germany (US$ bn): 2021 7.02 vs 32.15; 2022 8.78 vs 15.77; 2023 9.79 vs 9.89; 2024 9.55 vs 8.44 (first year above); 2025 8.25 vs 8.03. Türkiye also passed Germany in 2023 (10.91 vs 9.89) and 2024 but fell back below it in 2025. Exports reported by Central Asian and Caucasus countries can include re-exports of goods made elsewhere. Percent changes and ratios are progrss calculations. The margin is thin in 2025 (+US$0.2 bn); Kazakhstan's sales fell 14% from 2024. Licence: UN Comtrade terms of use.
Published 5 Nov 2026
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