India went from 1% to 37% of Russia's crude sales
Share of Russian crude oil exports by buyer: 2021 versus Dec 2022–Sep 2026, after the EU embargo.
India's share of Russian crude exports: 1% by volume in 2021, 37% by value since Dec 2022. Now the second-largest buyer.
The EU's share collapsed after its December 2022 seaborne embargo; only Druzhba pipeline crude remains.
China and India together have taken almost nine in ten euros of Russian crude since the embargo.
the numbers
| Share of crude exports (%) | 2021 (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| India | 37 | 1 |
| China | 50 | 31 |
| Türkiye | 5 | 2 |
| European Union | 5 | 47 |
| Rest of world | 3 | 19 |
source notes & method
Two sources on different bases. 2021 shares are by weight from Russian customs statistics (EU 47%, China 31%, Türkiye 2%, India 1%), as cited in Climate Strategies, 'Russian oil and gas: one year of war reverses decades of energy diplomacy' (2023); rest of world (19%) derived as the remainder. Latest shares are CREA's cumulative shares by value from 5 Dec 2022 to end-Sep 2026 (China 50%, India 37%, Türkiye 5%, EU 5%); rest of world (3%) is the remainder. Cross-check: EIA puts 2024 exports to China at 2.2 mb/d and India at 1.7 mb/d of 4.8 mb/d total.
Published 26 Oct 2026
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