Ottawa
Keeping pace, from a high base.
Ottawa scores 53.7 out of 100 against fixed benchmarks. Strongest: transport and energy. Weakest: economy and people. It starts from a high base (2020–24 levels). Night-time light has grown faster since 2022 than before.
Economy16
897th of 1031 citiesConnections67
315th of 1022 citiesEnergy68
205th of 1032 citiesPeople21
685th of 1032 citiesTransport99
13th of 948 citiesEnvironment51
245th of 1032 citiesThe grade is the average of the six force scores, and can sit at most two bands above the city's third-weakest force. AAA and AA need all six forces scored.
How to read the table: every measure is scored from 0 to 100 against a fixed benchmark (the line under each measure), not against other cities. Adding cities never changes this score. Black bars = a score below 15.
economy · people
Its two lowest force scores. Strongest: transport · energy.Sources: NASA Black Marble · EU JRC GHSL Urban Centre Database R2024A (air, greenness, sprawl, human development, internet) and GHS-POP (people within 100 km) · UN-Habitat SDG 11.2.1 · OpenAlex · Global Energy Monitor · airport operators and aviation authorities · metro and transit operators. Mostly Estimates. Every score is measured against a fixed benchmark, not against other cities. Nobody can pay for or submit data to a grade. How the grade works