# progrss

> The new world, explained one visual at a time. One researched chart a day (maps, trends, rankings) on a shift redrawing the world, each built on a named primary source with its data year.

progrss was founded in Amsterdam in 2015. Each plate answers one question about a shift in power, economy, energy, technology, humanity, cities, planet, food or the future. Every number traces to a primary source (UN, World Bank, IMF, IEA, FAO, OECD, SIPRI, national statistics offices and recognised research institutes). Claims are labelled Fact, Estimate, Interpretation or Forecast.

When citing, please name progrss and link to the plate URL.

## About

- [About progrss](https://progrss.com/about): who we are and how plates are made
- [License a plate](https://progrss.com/license): reuse in reports, decks and media
- [All plates](https://progrss.com/plates)
- [RSS feed](https://progrss.com/feed)
- [Full text with numbers](https://progrss.com/llms-full.txt): every plate with takeaways, source and data

## Plates

- [Plate 102: Two in three people live where fertility is below replacement](https://progrss.com/p/102-below-replacement-majority): Share of the world's people living in countries with fertility below 2.1 children per woman, 1950–2100. (Humanity; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2023)
- [Plate 101: Volcanic heat makes nearly 45% of the power Kenya generates](https://progrss.com/p/101-kenya-geothermal-power): Share of Kenya's locally generated electricity by source, 2025 (provisional) vs 2021. (Energy; source: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, 2026 Facts and Figures (Table 35), 2025)
- [Plate 100: Russia now exports twice as much wheat as the US](https://progrss.com/p/100-russia-wheat-lead): Wheat exports by country, million tonnes, 2025/26 (July–June) vs 2001/02, USDA. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Grain: World Markets and Trade (October 2026; November 2005), 2025/26)
- [Plate 099: Kyoto's cherry blossoms now peak earliest in 1,200 years](https://progrss.com/p/099-kyoto-earliest-blossoms): Average full-bloom day of Kyoto's mountain cherries by century, 812–2026. Lower means earlier in spring. (Planet; source: Aono et al., historical series of full-flowering dates of Prunus jamasakura in Kyoto (812–2025); Japan Meteorological Agency, Kyoto Local Meteorological Office (2026), 2026)
- [Plate 098: Japan's foreign residents have doubled since 2012, passing 4 million](https://progrss.com/p/098-japan-foreign-residents): Foreign residents in Japan at each year-end, millions, 2012–2025. (Humanity; source: Immigration Services Agency of Japan, Foreign residents as of end-2025 (令和7年末現在における在留外国人数について), with statistical summary tables, 2025)
- [Plate 097: Africa formally recycles less than 1% of its e-waste](https://progrss.com/p/097-e-waste-recycling-gap): Share of e-waste documented as formally collected and recycled, by region, 2022. (Technology; source: ITU & UNITAR, The Global E-waste Monitor 2024, 2022)
- [Plate 096: More than two in three cars Nepal imports are electric](https://progrss.com/p/096-nepal-electric-cars): Cars, jeeps and vans imported into Nepal by fuel type, units, fiscal years 2024/25 and 2025/26. (Energy; source: Nepal Department of Customs, annual import data FY 2025/26 (2082/83), as reported by HimalPress and Meroauto (24 Jul 2026), FY 2025/26 (ended mid-July 2026))
- [Plate 095: In dollars, Nigeria's economy has more than halved since 2014](https://progrss.com/p/095-nigeria-dollar-gdp-halved): GDP at current prices, US$ billion, Nigeria and Egypt, 2014–2026. IMF WEO October 2026. (Economy; source: IMF, World Economic Outlook database, October 2026 (NGDPD, GDP current prices), 2026 (2025 estimate, 2026 projection))
- [Plate 094: Kazakhstan mines more uranium than Canada and Namibia combined](https://progrss.com/p/094-kazakhstan-uranium-giant): Uranium mined by country, tonnes of uranium, 2024 vs 2015. (Power; source: World Nuclear Association, World Uranium Mining Production (updated 23 Oct 2026), 2024)
- [Plate 093: Spanish olive oil mill prices are back at 2021 levels](https://progrss.com/p/093-olive-oil-round-trip): Average price Spanish mills received for olive oil, late October each year, 2020–2026, € per 100 kg. (Food; source: Spain, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA), Boletín semanal de precios de aceite de oliva, week 43/2026 and week 43/2024, 2026)
- [Plate 092: Heat that bleaches coral reached 84% of the world's reefs](https://progrss.com/p/092-coral-bleaching-reach): Share of global coral reef area under bleaching-level heat stress in each global bleaching event, 1998–2025. (Planet; source: NOAA Coral Reef Watch, via NOAA NCEI and GCRMN (Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network), fourth global bleaching event summary (June 2026), 2023–2025)
- [Plate 091: Women in MENA now outpace men at university](https://progrss.com/p/091-mena-women-university): Women's university enrolment rate per 100 for men, Middle East & North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa, 1970–2024. (Humanity; source: World Bank, World Development Indicators: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (SE.ENR.TERT.FM.ZS), from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2024 (MENA), 2021 (Sub-Saharan Africa))
- [Plate 090: China's research spending rose from 12% to 88% of America's](https://progrss.com/p/090-china-rd-closing-gap): Gross domestic spending on R&D, billions of current PPP dollars, 2000–2022. (Technology; source: NSF NCSES, Science & Engineering Indicators 2025, Table DISC-10 (from OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators, July 2024), 2022)
- [Plate 089: The US now ships a quarter of the world's LNG](https://progrss.com/p/089-us-lng-lead): LNG exports by country, million tonnes, 2025 vs 2024. Top four exporters. (Energy; source: International Gas Union (IGU), World LNG Report 2026 (2025 data) and World LNG Report 2025 (2024 data), 2025)
- [Plate 088: Only the US draws more new foreign projects than the UAE](https://progrss.com/p/088-uae-greenfield-magnet): Announced greenfield FDI projects by destination, top five economies, 2024. (Economy; source: UNCTAD, World Investment Report 2025, Figure I.3 (top five recipients by number of greenfield projects), 2024)
- [Plate 087: Algeria outspends all of sub-Saharan Africa on its military](https://progrss.com/p/087-algeria-outspends-africa): Military expenditure in 2025, US$ billion: Algeria vs sub-Saharan Africa's total and major African spenders. (Power; source: SIPRI, Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2025 (Fact Sheet, April 2026), 2025)
- [Plate 086: One in ten in Japan will be foreign by 2070](https://progrss.com/p/086-japan-foreign-share-2070): Foreign nationals as a share of Japan's population, 2020 and IPSS 2023 projections to 2070. (Future; source: National Institute of Population and Social Security Research (IPSS), Population Projections for Japan (2023 revision), 2023 projections (base year 2020))
- [Plate 085: China buys three in ten of the world's beef imports](https://progrss.com/p/085-china-beef-imports): Beef and veal imports by country, thousand tonnes carcass weight, 2025 vs 2022. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Livestock and Poultry: World Markets and Trade (October 2026), Beef and Veal Trade table, 2025)
- [Plate 084: China adds more forest each year than any other country](https://progrss.com/p/084-china-forest-gain): Annual net change in forest area, top 10 gainers plus the US and Brazil, 2015–2025. (Planet; source: FAO, Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025 (FRA 2025), Forest extent and change, 2015–2025 average)
- [Plate 083: India's metro network quadrupled in a decade](https://progrss.com/p/083-india-metro-quadrupled): Operational metro rail in India, km, May 2014 to December 2025. (Cities; source: Press Information Bureau, Government of India (Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs backgrounder, Dec 2024), 2024)
- [Plate 082: Iran dropped from top refugee host to fifth in 2025](https://progrss.com/p/082-iran-refugees-halved): Refugees and others needing international protection, by host country, end-2025, millions. (Humanity; source: UNHCR, Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2025 (June 2026); UNHCR Global Trends 2024 for Iran's end-2024 figure, 2025)
- [Plate 081: India's GitHub developers outnumber China's, Brazil's and Japan's combined](https://progrss.com/p/081-india-github-developers): Developer accounts on GitHub by country, top 10, millions, September 2026. (Technology; source: GitHub, Octoverse 2026, 2026 (September))
- [Plate 080: Rooftop solar now outsizes coal on Australia's main grid](https://progrss.com/p/080-rooftops-beat-coal): Installed generation capacity by source in Australia's National Electricity Market (NEM), GW, AEMO fact sheet, 2025. (Energy; source: AEMO, National Electricity Market fact sheet (October 2025), 2025)
- [Plate 079: Argentina's monthly inflation fell from 25.5% to 1.9%](https://progrss.com/p/079-argentina-inflation-falls): Monthly change in Argentina's consumer price index, national, last month of each quarter, Dec 2023–Sep 2026. (Economy; source: INDEC (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos), Índice de precios al consumidor, informes técnicos for Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Dec 2025 and Sep 2026, 2026 (September))
- [Plate 078: China added more nuclear warheads than all other states combined](https://progrss.com/p/078-china-warheads-outpace-all): Military stockpile of nuclear warheads by state, January 2026, with January 2024 as markers. SIPRI estimates. (Power; source: SIPRI Yearbook 2026, World nuclear forces, January 2026 (press release, 8 June 2026); SIPRI Yearbook 2024, chapter 7, Table 7.1, January 2026)
- [Plate 077: Nearly half the world's under-25s will be African by 2100](https://progrss.com/p/077-young-world-african): Africa's share of the world's people under 25, 1950, 2026 and 2100. UN WPP 2024 medium variant. (Future; source: Pew Research Center, 5 facts about Africa's population growth (May 2026), based on UN DESA World Population Prospects 2024, 2026 (WPP 2024 revision))
- [Plate 076: Egypt exports more fresh oranges than any other country](https://progrss.com/p/076-egypt-orange-exports): Fresh orange exports by country, thousand tonnes, 2024/25 marketing year vs 2020/21. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Citrus: World Markets and Trade (January 2026), Fresh Orange table, 2024/25)
- [Plate 075: India's wild tigers have more than doubled since 2006](https://progrss.com/p/075-india-tigers-grow): Estimated wild tigers in India by landscape, All India Tiger Estimation cycles, 2006–2022. (Planet; source: NTCA / Wildlife Institute of India, All India Tiger Estimation (2006–2022 cycles), as tabled by MoEFCC in Parliament (PIB, Nov 2024), 2022)
- [Plate 074: China's new housing starts have fallen 74% since 2019](https://progrss.com/p/074-china-housing-starts): Floor space of new construction started by property developers in China, billion m², 2019–2025. (Cities; source: National Bureau of Statistics of China, National Real Estate Development and Sales (annual releases 2019–2025), 2025)
- [Plate 073: Two in three newly licensed UK doctors qualified abroad](https://progrss.com/p/073-uk-new-doctors-trained-abroad): Doctors taking up a UK licence for the first time, by where they qualified, 2012–2024. (Humanity; source: General Medical Council, The state of medical education and practice in the UK: Workforce report 2025, data annexe (Figure 2), 2024)
- [Plate 072: Indian phone users now average 25 GB of data monthly](https://progrss.com/p/072-india-mobile-data-tripled): Average monthly wireless data per data subscriber in India, October–December quarter, 2018–2025, GB. (Technology; source: TRAI, The Indian Telecom Services Performance Indicators (quarterly reports, QE Dec-2018 to QE Dec-2025); Yearly Performance Indicators 2025-26, 2025)
- [Plate 071: Solar now makes more of Brazil's power than fossil fuels](https://progrss.com/p/071-brazil-solar-beats-fossil): Share of Brazil's electricity generation by source, 2025. (Energy; source: Ember, Global Electricity Review 2026 (Major countries and regions: Brazil) and Ember Brazil country profile, 2025)
- [Plate 070: India's stock market grew 23-fold since 2000](https://progrss.com/p/070-india-stocks-23-fold): Market value of listed domestic companies, India vs Hong Kong, year-end, US$ trillion, 2000–2025. (Economy; source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CM.MKT.LCAP.CD, from World Federation of Exchanges data); HKEX 2025 Annual Market Statistics; BSE via PTI, 2025)
- [Plate 069: Nepal sends more UN peacekeepers than all five veto powers](https://progrss.com/p/069-nepal-peacekeepers-veto-powers): Uniformed personnel in UN peacekeeping operations by contributing country, 28 February 2026. (Power; source: UN Peacekeeping, Contributions by Country (Ranking) and Summary of Contributions, February 2026, 2026)
- [Plate 068: More than a quarter of China's new heavy trucks are electric](https://progrss.com/p/068-china-electric-heavy-trucks): Electric share of new heavy freight truck sales (over 15 t), China, world and Europe, 2025 vs 2024. (Future; source: IEA, Global EV Outlook 2026, Trends in other EV modes, 2025)
- [Plate 067: Brazil exports more chicken than the US and EU combined](https://progrss.com/p/067-brazil-chicken-exports): Chicken meat exports, million tonnes, 2022–2027. 2026 and 2027 are USDA forecasts. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Livestock and Poultry: World Markets and Trade (October 2026), Chicken Meat Trade table, 2025 (2026–27 forecast))
- [Plate 066: Canada's 2023 fires burned more than twice the old record](https://progrss.com/p/066-canada-fire-record): Forest area burned in Canada each year, million hectares, 1990–2024. (Planet; source: Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: Forest management and disturbances (Dec 2025), from the Canadian Council of Forest Ministers' National Forestry Database, 2024)
- [Plate 065: China has more metro track than the next six countries combined](https://progrss.com/p/065-china-metro-track): Length of urban metro networks by country, km, end of 2023. (Cities; source: UITP, Global Metro Figures, Statistics Brief (May 2025 edition), 2023)
- [Plate 064: Japan now has over 100,000 centenarians, up from 153](https://progrss.com/p/064-japan-centenarians-100000): People aged 100 or older in Japan, by sex, 1963–2026. Annual September count. (Humanity; source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan), annual centenarian release (百歳の高齢者へのお祝い状及び記念品の贈呈について), 15 Sep 2026, 2026)
- [Plate 063: Nearly two in three people in Africa are still offline](https://progrss.com/p/063-africa-still-offline): Share of population using the internet, by ITU region and income group, 2025. (Technology; source: ITU, Measuring digital development: Facts and Figures 2025, 2025)
- [Plate 062: France swung from power importer to record exporter](https://progrss.com/p/062-france-power-exports-record): France's net electricity exports (exports minus imports), TWh, selected years 2002–2025. (Energy; source: RTE, Bilan électrique 2025 – principaux résultats (Feb 2026); RTE, Bilan électrique 2022 press release, 2025)
- [Plate 061: Poles edge past the Japanese in income per person](https://progrss.com/p/061-poland-passes-japan): GDP per person at purchasing-power parity, international $, 2000–2031. IMF estimates and projections from 2026. (Economy; source: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (October 2026), GDP per capita, PPP, 2026 (Oct 2026 WEO))
- [Plate 060: Poland spends more of its economy on defence than America](https://progrss.com/p/060-poland-outspends-us-defence): Defence spending as a share of GDP, NATO estimates for 2026, with 2014 as markers. Selected allies. (Power; source: NATO, Defence Expenditure of NATO Countries (2014–2026), July 2026 estimates; 2014 values from the 2014–2025 edition (June 2025), Table 3, 2026 (estimates))
- [Plate 059: Egypt is set to outgrow Japan in 2027, then Russia](https://progrss.com/p/059-egypt-passes-japan-russia): Population of Egypt, Japan and Russia, 1990–2100. UN WPP 2024 medium variant projections from 2024. (Future; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2024 revision)
- [Plate 058: India now ships over a third of world rice exports](https://progrss.com/p/058-india-rice-share): Share of world rice exports by country, calendar years 2023–2027. 2026 and 2027 are USDA forecasts. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Grain: World Markets and Trade (October 2026), World Rice Trade table, 2025 (2026–27 forecast))
- [Plate 057: Swiss glaciers lost more than 5% of their ice in 2026](https://progrss.com/p/057-swiss-glaciers-2026): Share of total Swiss glacier ice volume lost each year, 2019–2026, GLAMOS measurements. (Planet; source: GLAMOS (Glacier Monitoring Switzerland) and SCNAT Swiss Commission for Cryosphere Observation, annual glacier reports 2019–2026, 2026 (hydrological year to 30 Sep 2026))
- [Plate 056: Jakarta, not Tokyo, is the world's largest city](https://progrss.com/p/056-jakarta-largest-city): The ten most populous cities in 2025, millions of people, UN Degree of Urbanisation method. (Cities; source: UN DESA Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects 2025, 2025)
- [Plate 055: India now has more working-age people than China](https://progrss.com/p/055-india-working-age-overtakes-china): People aged 15–64 in India and China, billions, 1990–2025. (Humanity; source: World Bank, World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL) and Population ages 15–64, % of total (SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS), 2025)
- [Plate 054: China spends more importing chips than crude oil](https://progrss.com/p/054-china-chips-over-oil): China's ten largest imports by value, 2025, US$ billion. Chips top the list, far ahead of oil. (Technology; source: International Trade Centre (ITC), Trade Map: China imports by product, 2025 (China Customs data), via WorldsTopExports.com, 2025)
- [Plate 053: China now uses more electricity per person than the EU](https://progrss.com/p/053-china-power-per-person): Electricity demand per person in major economies, MWh, 2025. (Energy; source: Ember, Global Electricity Review 2026 (Major countries and regions; Electricity demand and supply trends), 2025)
- [Plate 052: China's ASEAN trade is now almost double its US trade](https://progrss.com/p/052-china-asean-trade-lead): China's goods trade (exports plus imports) by partner, US$ billion, 2025. (Economy; source: General Administration of Customs of China, 2025 trade by country/region (via China Data Portal and RsA Asia Tax Advisors), 2025)
- [Plate 051: Ukraine is now the world's biggest arms importer](https://progrss.com/p/051-ukraine-top-arms-importer): Share of global major-arms imports by recipient, 2021–25, with 2016–20 as markers. Top importers. (Power; source: SIPRI, Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2025 (Fact Sheet, March 2026), Table 2, 2021–25)
- [Plate 050: China is building half the world's new reactors](https://progrss.com/p/050-china-builds-half-new-reactors): Nuclear power reactors under construction by country, November 2026. Toggle to see capacity in gigawatts. (Energy; source: World Nuclear Association, Plans For New Reactors Worldwide (updated November 2026), 2026)
- [Plate 049: Two in three working satellites are now Starlinks](https://progrss.com/p/049-starlink-owns-the-sky): Active satellites in orbit by type, 26 October 2026, from Jonathan McDowell's tracking data. (Technology; source: Jonathan McDowell, Jonathan's Space Pages: Satellite statistics, active satellite population (data as of 26 Oct 2026), 2026)
- [Plate 048: Drought cut Panama Canal transits by a fifth in 2024](https://progrss.com/p/048-panama-canal-drought): Total ships through the Panama Canal per fiscal year (Oct–Sep), FY2019–FY2026. (Planet; source: Panama Canal Authority (ACP), traffic statistics and fiscal-year results, FY2026)
- [Plate 047: India's UPI now handles 86% as many payments as Visa](https://progrss.com/p/047-upi-catches-visa): Transactions in the latest fiscal year, billions: one country's public rail versus Visa's whole world. (Economy; source: NPCI via India Ministry of Finance (UPI at 10, 2026); Visa Inc., Fiscal Q4 and full-year 2026 earnings release, 2026)
- [Plate 046: Developing countries' interest bill has nearly tripled since 2010](https://progrss.com/p/046-developing-world-interest-bill): Net interest paid on public debt by developing countries, US$ billion, 2010–2025. (Economy; source: UNCTAD, A World of Debt (2024, 2025 and 2026 editions), 2025)
- [Plate 045: Tether now holds more US Treasuries than the UAE](https://progrss.com/p/045-tether-treasury-holder): US Treasury holdings by foreign holder, US$ billion. One stablecoin issuer sits among the nations. (Economy; source: US Treasury, TIC Table 5: Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities (Aug 2026); Tether, Q3 2026 BDO attestation, 2026)
- [Plate 044: Migrants now send home four times more than all foreign aid](https://progrss.com/p/044-money-home): Remittances to low- and middle-income countries vs total aid from rich donors, US$ billion. (Economy; source: World Bank/KNOMAD Migration and Development Briefs; IFAD Sending Money Home 2026; OECD DAC preliminary ODA 2025, 2025)
- [Plate 043: India went from 1% to 37% of Russia's crude sales](https://progrss.com/p/043-who-buys-russian-oil): Share of Russian crude oil exports by buyer: 2021 versus Dec 2022–Sep 2026, after the EU embargo. (Energy; source: CREA, Monthly analysis of Russian fossil fuel exports and sanctions (September 2026); 2021: Russian customs via Climate Strategies (2023), 2021; Dec 2022–Sep 2026)
- [Plate 042: China is projected to have fewer than half its people by 2100](https://progrss.com/p/042-china-halves): Population of China and India, 1950–2100, UN medium projection. (Humanity; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2024 revision)
- [Plate 041: China refines most of the minerals of the future](https://progrss.com/p/041-china-refines-the-future): China's share of global refining for six critical minerals, 2025. (Power; source: IEA, Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2026, 2025)
- [Plate 040: Saudi Arabia has more desalination capacity than the entire US](https://progrss.com/p/040-the-gulf-drinks-the-sea): Share of world desalination capacity by country, 2018. Saudi Arabia ranks first; three Gulf states hold almost 30%. (Planet; source: Jones, van Vliet, Qadir & Bierkens, 'The state of desalination and brine production: A global outlook', Science of the Total Environment (2019), UN University (UNU-INWEH), using GWI DesalData, 2018)
- [Plate 039: Two-thirds of the world's mobile money moves in Africa](https://progrss.com/p/039-africa-runs-on-mobile-money): Mobile money transaction value and registered accounts by region, 2025. Sub-Saharan Africa moves two-thirds of the world total. (Technology; source: GSMA, State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2026, 2025)
- [Plate 038: America's duty-free parcels grew almost tenfold in nine years](https://progrss.com/p/038-the-parcel-flood): Low-value 'de minimis' shipments entering the US by fiscal year, millions — until the exemption ended in 2025. (Economy; source: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP): e-commerce trade statistics and Jan 2025 de minimis rule release; Congressional Research Service IF12891 (Aug 2026), FY2015–FY2024)
- [Plate 037: DR Congo mines three-quarters of the world's cobalt](https://progrss.com/p/037-congo-cobalt-share): Cobalt mine production by country, thousand tonnes of contained cobalt, 2025 estimate vs 2024. (Power; source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Cobalt, 2025)
- [Plate 036: Tropical forests lost a record 6.7 million hectares in 2024](https://progrss.com/p/036-tropical-forest-loss-record): Tropical primary forest loss per year, million hectares, as stated by WRI's Global Forest Review. (Planet; source: WRI / University of Maryland, Global Forest Review (Global Forest Watch) tree cover loss updates 2023, 2024 and Forest Pulse 2025, 2025)
- [Plate 035: Farmed seafood now outweighs the wild catch](https://progrss.com/p/035-farmed-fish-overtake-wild): Share of world aquatic animal production from aquaculture vs capture fisheries, %, 1990–2024. (Food; source: FAO, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA) 2026, 2024, 2022 and 2014 editions, 2024)
- [Plate 034: Middle East and North Africa import 27% of world wheat](https://progrss.com/p/034-mena-wheat-imports): Wheat imports by country, million tonnes, 2024/25 trade year, with 2025/26 estimate as a marker. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Grain: World Markets and Trade (May 2026), World Wheat, Flour and Products Trade tables, 2024/25)
- [Plate 033: Brazil has all but caught the US in farm exports](https://progrss.com/p/033-brazil-catches-us-farm-exports): Agricultural exports of Brazil and the United States, US$ billion, calendar years 2019–2025. (Food; source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Agricultural Export Yearbooks 2022 and 2023, and USDA trade data (2025); Brazil Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) Agrostat agribusiness exports, 2025)
- [Plate 032: China completed six in ten of 2025's new skyscrapers](https://progrss.com/p/032-where-skyscrapers-rise): Buildings 200m or taller completed in 2025, by country or territory. (Cities; source: Council on Vertical Urbanism (formerly CTBUH), 2026 Trends & Forecasts, 2025 completions, 2025)
- [Plate 031: Ireland's data centres now use more power than its city homes](https://progrss.com/p/031-ireland-data-centre-grid): Share of Ireland's metered electricity consumption, %, 2015–2025. (Technology; source: Central Statistics Office Ireland, Data Centres Metered Electricity Consumption 2025 (released 7 July 2026), 2025)
- [Plate 030: India had 27 million ACs for 1.3 billion people](https://progrss.com/p/030-air-conditioning-gap): Air conditioners in use by country, 2016 (latest IEA country data), total units and units per 100 people. (Energy; source: IEA, The Future of Cooling (2018), Table 1.1 and Table 2.1, 2016 (stock); 2050 (Baseline projection))
- [Plate 029: Japan has 9 million empty homes: one in seven](https://progrss.com/p/029-japan-empty-homes): Vacant dwellings in Japan, millions, Housing and Land Survey, every five years 1978–2023. (Cities; source: Statistics Bureau of Japan (MIC), 2023 Housing and Land Survey; MLIT summary of past surveys, 2023)
- [Plate 028: Kinshasa will soon be bigger than Paris and London combined](https://progrss.com/p/028-africa-megacities-rising): Urban agglomeration population, millions, 1950–2035. Values after 2018 are UN projections. (Cities; source: UN DESA Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects 2018 (urban agglomerations), 2018 revision (1950–2018 estimates, 2020–2035 projections))
- [Plate 027: More Christians now live in sub-Saharan Africa than anywhere else](https://progrss.com/p/027-christianity-moved-south): Share of the world's Christians living in each region, 2020 vs 2010 (marker). (Humanity; source: Pew Research Center, How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020 (June 2025), Appendix B, 2010, 2020)
- [Plate 026: Indian students now outnumber Chinese students in the US](https://progrss.com/p/026-indian-students-overtake-chinese): Students from India and China enrolled in US higher education, by academic year, 2000/01–2024/25. (Humanity; source: Institute of International Education, Open Doors (2025 edition and earlier), 2000/01–2024/25)
- [Plate 025: Three in four UAE residents are international migrants](https://progrss.com/p/025-gulf-migrant-majorities): International migrants as a share of total population, 2024, selected countries. (Humanity; source: UN DESA Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024: Key facts and figures (advance unedited), Annex II, 2024)
- [Plate 024: South Korea now has a quarter of the babies it had in 1971](https://progrss.com/p/024-korea-births-collapse): Annual live births in South Korea, thousands, 1970–2025. 2025 is provisional. (Humanity; source: Statistics Korea (KOSIS) birth statistics; 2025 provisional from the Ministry of Data and Statistics, 2025)
- [Plate 023: Half of Niger is under 16; half of Japan over 50](https://progrss.com/p/023-age-gap-between-nations): Median age in 2026 by country, youngest to oldest, against 1950 (marker). (Humanity; source: UN DESA Population Division, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), via StatisticsTimes, 1950, 2026)
- [Plate 022: SpaceX launches more rockets than the rest of Earth combined](https://progrss.com/p/022-spacex-outlaunches-the-world): Successful orbital launches in 2025 vs 2024: SpaceX, China, Russia and everyone else. (Future; source: The Ill-Defined Space, Global Orbital Launch Summary: 2025, 2025)
- [Plate 021: Nearly half of top AI researchers studied in China](https://progrss.com/p/021-where-ai-talent-comes-from): Share of top-tier AI researchers by country of undergraduate degree, 2022 versus 2019. (Technology; source: MacroPolo (Paulson Institute), The Global AI Talent Tracker 2.0, 2022)
- [Plate 020: China files six times as many international patents as in 2010](https://progrss.com/p/020-who-files-world-patents): International patent applications (PCT) by inventor's country of origin, 2025 versus 2010. (Technology; source: WIPO, PCT international applications by origin (press release March 2026, Annex 1) and 2010 release (Feb 2011), 2025)
- [Plate 019: China's vehicle exports grew sevenfold in five years](https://progrss.com/p/019-china-car-export-surge): Vehicles exported per year by the five biggest car-exporting countries, 2020–2025, in millions. (Economy; source: CAAM (China), JAMA (Japan), VDA (Germany), Korea Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (Korea), INEGI RAIAVL (Mexico), 2025)
- [Plate 018: China switched on 80% of the world's new coal power](https://progrss.com/p/018-china-new-coal-power-2025): New coal power capacity commissioned in 2025, by country, in gigawatts. Toggle for share of world total. (Energy; source: Global Energy Monitor, Boom and Bust Coal 2026 (May 2026), Global Coal Plant Tracker January 2026, 2025)
- [Plate 017: China now pays the world mostly in yuan](https://progrss.com/p/017-china-pays-in-yuan): Currency shares of China's non-bank outbound cross-border payments, %, SAFE data, 2010–2025. (Power; source: State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), non-bank cross-border payments by currency, as compiled by FXC Intelligence and Bloomberg, 2025)
- [Plate 016: Russia's share of world arms exports fell from 21% to 7%](https://progrss.com/p/016-russia-arms-exports-collapse): Share of global major-arms exports by supplier, 2021–25, with 2016–20 as markers. Top 13 exporters. (Power; source: SIPRI, Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2025 (Fact Sheet, March 2026), Table 1, 2021–25)
- [Plate 015: China runs the world's largest diplomatic network](https://progrss.com/p/015-china-largest-diplomatic-network): Total diplomatic posts (embassies, consulates, permanent missions) by country, Lowy Global Diplomacy Index 2024. Data collected in 2023. (Power; source: Lowy Institute, Global Diplomacy Index (2024 edition), 2023)
- [Plate 014: Suez Canal traffic in 2025 was under half its 2023 record](https://progrss.com/p/014-suez-red-sea-detour): Ships transiting Egypt's Suez Canal each year, 2021–2025, before and after Red Sea attacks. (Power; source: Suez Canal Authority annual navigation statistics, as reported by the SCA chairman and press, 2025)
- [Plate 013: Six of the world's ten busiest ports are in China](https://progrss.com/p/013-china-busiest-ports): Containers handled in 2025, million TEU, at the world's ten busiest container ports. (Economy; source: Lloyd's List, One Hundred Container Ports 2026 (2025 data), as compiled by Visual Capitalist (secondary, via WION / DynaLiners), 2025)
- [Plate 012: Mexico, not China, now sells America the most goods](https://progrss.com/p/012-mexico-tops-us-imports): Share of all US goods imports from four partners, 2000–2025. (Economy; source: US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade: Trade in Goods by Country (annual totals), 2025)
- [Plate 011: Indonesia now mines two-thirds of the world's nickel](https://progrss.com/p/011-indonesia-nickel-two-thirds): Nickel mine production by country, thousand tonnes of nickel content, 2025 estimate vs 2024. (Power; source: USGS, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — Nickel, 2025)
- [Plate 010: Four tech giants spent $358 billion on infrastructure in 2025](https://progrss.com/p/010-big-tech-capex-surge): Annual capital expenditure of Amazon, Alphabet, Meta and Microsoft, US$ billion, 2018–2025. (Technology; source: Company 10-K filings and Q4 2025 earnings releases (Alphabet, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft), 2025)
- [Plate 009: China now leads research in 57 of 64 critical technologies](https://progrss.com/p/009-research-lead-flipped): Who produces the most-cited research in 64 critical technologies, 2003–07 (marker) vs 2019–23. (Technology; source: ASPI, Critical Technology Tracker (two-decade update, Aug 2024), 2019–2023)
- [Plate 008: By 2100, DR Congo will have more people than the US](https://progrss.com/p/008-new-giants-2100): Projected population in 2100 (bar) vs 2024 (marker), the 13 biggest countries of 2100. (Future; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2024 revision)
- [Plate 007: The world has already passed peak child](https://progrss.com/p/007-peak-child): Children under 5 worldwide, millions, UN estimates and medium projection. (Humanity; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2024 revision)
- [Plate 006: China installs more robots than the rest of the world combined](https://progrss.com/p/006-robot-gap): New industrial robots installed in 2024, by country. (Technology; source: International Federation of Robotics, World Robotics 2025, 2024)
- [Plate 005: China now makes more electricity than the US and EU combined](https://progrss.com/p/005-china-electricity-machine): Electricity generation in 2025 (bar) and 2000 (marker), terawatt-hours. (Energy; source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data / Global Electricity Review 2026, 2025)
- [Plate 004: Africa's solar imports more than doubled since early 2024](https://progrss.com/p/004-africa-solar-rush): Chinese solar panels imported by Africa, rolling 12-month totals in gigawatts. (Energy; source: Ember, analysis of China customs (GACC) solar export data, Jul 2025 – Jun 2026)
- [Plate 003: Central banks now hold more gold than euros or US Treasuries](https://progrss.com/p/003-gold-is-back): Share of global official reserves at end-2025 (bar) and end-2024 (marker). (Economy; source: ECB, The international role of the euro (June 2026); World Gold Council, Gold Demand Trends, end-2025)
- [Plate 002: China now builds more ships than the rest of the world](https://progrss.com/p/002-who-builds-the-ships): Share of the world's new ship tonnage by country of building, 2010–2025. (Power; source: S&P Global World Shipbuilding Statistics, via Shipbuilders' Association of Japan (2026) and MLIT Japan, 2025)
- [Plate 001: By 2100, more than 1 in 3 people will be African](https://progrss.com/p/001-african-century): Share of the world's population by continent, 1950–2100. Pick a year, or switch to people. (Humanity; source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024 (medium variant), 2024 revision)